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Dozens injured after Eritrean government supporters, opponents clash at protest in Israel_我的网站

A |     Hundreds of Eritrean government supporters and opponents clashed with each other and with Israeli police Saturday, leaving dozens injured in one of the most violent street confrontations among African asylum seekers and migrants in Tel Aviv in recent memory. Among those hurt were 30 police officers and three protesters hit by police fire.Eritreans from both sides faced off with construction lumber, pieces of metal, rocks and at least one axe, tearing through a neighborhood of south Tel Aviv where many asylum seekers live. Protesters smashed shop windows and police cars, and blood spatter was seen on sidewalks. One government supporter was lying in a puddle of blood in a children's playground.

     Israeli police in riot gear shot tear gas, stun grenades and live rounds while officers on horseback tried to control the protesters, who broke through barricades and hurled chunks rocks at the police. Police said officers resorted to live fire when they felt their lives were in danger.The clashes came as Eritrean government supporters marked the 30th anniversary of the current ruler's rise to power. The event was held near the Eritrean embassy in south Tel Aviv. Eritrea has one of the world's worst human rights records. Asylum seekers in Israel and elsewhere say they fear death if they were to return.

             

Police said Eritrean government supporters and opponents had received permission for separate events Saturday, and had promised to stay away from each other.                 At some point, the promises were broken, said Chaim Bublil, a Tel Aviv police commander. "A decision was made by the government opponents to break through the barriers, to clash with the police, to throw stones, to hit police officers," Bublil told reporters at the scene.He said the police had arrested 39 people and confiscated tasers, knives and clubs.The Magen David Adom rescue service said at least 114 people were hurt, including eight who were in serious condition. The others had moderate or mild injuries. Of those hurt, 30 were police officers, said Bublil.                       A spokesperson for Tel Aviv's Ichilov Hospital said it was treating 11 patients for gunshot wounds. Police said three protesters were wounded by police fire.By late Saturday afternoon, the clashes had stopped. Police were still rounding up protesters, putting them on buses.

             

Many of the anti-government protesters wore sky blue shirts designed after Eritrea's 1952 flag, a symbol of opposition to the government of the east African country, while government supporters wore purple shirts with a map of Eritrea.Eritreans make up the majority of the more than 30,000 African asylum seekers in Israel. They say they fled danger and persecution from a country known as the "North Korea of Africa" with forced lifetime military conscription in slavery-like conditions. Eritrea's government has denounced anti-government protesters as " asylum scum " who have marched against similar events in Europe and North America.President Isaias Afwerki, 77, has led Eritrea since 1993, taking power after the country won independence from Ethiopia after a long guerrilla war. There have been no elections and there's no free media. Exit visas are required for Eritreans to leave the country. Many young people are forced into military service with no end date, human rights groups and United Nations experts say.

             

In Israel, they face an uncertain future as the state has attempted to deport them. But despite the struggle to stay, in often squalid conditions, many say they enjoy some freedoms they never would have at home — like the right to protest.Eritrean asylum seekers are often "hunted and harassed" by the Eritrean government and its supporters inside Israel, said Sigal Rozen, from the Tel Aviv-based human rights organization Hotline for Refugees and Migrants.                       Events like the one held in Tel Aviv on Saturday are controversial because they raise money for the heavily sanctioned government and are used to pressure Eritreans far from home, said Elizabeth Chyrum, director of the London-based Human Rights Concern — Eritrea.                                 

In:    
• Israel
    
• Tel Aviv
    
• Eritrea
    
• Protests
    
• Politics
    
• Ethiopia
    

。    　　21世纪经济报道记者 杨梦雪　　2026年6月，信托业务“三分类”新规三年过渡期正式收官。　　三年前的春天，原银保监会发文（银保监规〔2023〕1号）规范，将信托业务划分为资产服务信托、资产管理信托、公益慈善信托三大类，共25个业务品种，被业内视为信托法颁布以来行业最重大的一次制度重构。

B | 　　三年后，行业交出的答卷正在改写底色。截至2025年末，披露年报的信托公司受托资产规模超过34万亿元，而驱动这轮扩张的引擎，也已经从过去的非标融资转为三分类新规后催生的新产品品类。　　从规模结构看，转型的换挡清晰可见。证券投资信托占资金信托比重在2025年上半年突破50%，标品信托接棒非标成为资管信托的基本盘；另据行业数据，家族信托存续规模逼近万亿元，家庭服务信托、预付类资金服务信托、特殊需要信托等创新业务密集落地，慈善信托累计备案规模突破百亿元。　　中国信托业协会专家理事周小明指出，“三分类”政策下的资产管理信托与资产服务信托已经替代传统的“融资信托+通道信托”业务模式，成为驱动本轮（2021年以来）信托资产规模增长的主导业务模式，其中资产管理信托是第一增长引擎，资产服务信托是第二增长引擎。

C | 　　规模高歌猛进的同时，行业的冷暖并不相通。　　云南信托相关研报显示，2026年上半年信托公司营业收入313.60亿元，同比增长2.21%；信托业务收入183.71亿元，占总营收约60%，同比增长7.27%；固有业务收入110.27亿元，同比下降4.31%；利润总额同比增长7.70%，净利润同比增长7.31%。　　上述研报分析认为，行业营收稳步抬升，信托业务收入成为营收基本盘，行业本源业务收入整体修复，转型路径逐步清晰。

D | 固有业务收入同比下降，主要原因在于2026年上半年利率中枢下行、权益市场震荡，信托自有资金配置的债券、股票、基金投资收益收缩。

E | 与此同时，行业利润改善明显，增速跑赢营收增速，前期风险资产持续出清，资产减值计提规模同比收窄，减少了对利润的侵蚀，行业盈利结构得到优化。　　分化也同样写在各家公司的年报里。

F | 一端是万亿级信托公司从5家扩增至9家，而另一端则有信托公司巨额亏损超16亿元，中融信托等进入破产清算程序。　　中粮信托良益研究院指出，可比口径下，营业收入方面，50家信托公司中32家增长、18家下降；信托收入方面，48家公司中28家增加、20家减少，表明行业转型正处于“几家欢喜几家愁”的分化期。　　云南信托研报同样指出，前20家信托公司信托业务收入占行业超七成，前20家信托公司固有业务收入占全行业九成以上。利润指标也呈现高集中度，前20家信托公司获得行业超八成利润，利润端马太效应显著。　　华东某信托从业人士对记者分析，信托收入整体有所修复，头部机构转型后具备一定的规模和客户基础，带动了整体收入的增加。但也能看出，很多公司以固有业务收入作为收入“基本盘”，上半年资本市场波动使得固有业务收益下滑从而影响利润。　　资产管理信托是三分类中资管属性最强的大类，也是本轮转型最彻底的赛道。随着非标融资的持续压降，标准化证券投资逐渐成为行业发展主线。

G | 　　中国信托业协会数据显示，2025年上半年证券投资信托占资金信托比重升至51.09%，信托过半受托资金投向资本市场。

H | 　　云南信托研报统计，截至2025年末，证券投资在全部信托资金中的占比已达到39.52%，交易性金融资产投资占比突破60%，反映出行业业务重心转向标准化品类。　　值得关注的趋势是，资产管理信托的“基础设施”正在同步补齐。　　行业监管上，2025年10月《资产管理信托管理办法（征求意见稿）》发布，明确资产管理信托是“基于信托法律关系的私募资产管理产品”，首次在信托监管中引入系统的投资集中度限制等，为这类业务划定了更清晰的展业红线。

I | 　　机构动作上，信托公司同样积极获取各类新资格，从业务层面全面拥抱标准化、净值化的资产管理业务。　　例如，2026年7月上交所公布的债券质押式协议回购出资人展示名单显示，中信信托、中粮信托、外贸信托等8家信托公司在列。行业人士分析指出，这也意味着信托公司从单纯的资金买方拓展为场内流动性供给方，打通了标品信托的流动性管理闭环。　　再如2025年至今，国民信托、江苏信托、建信信托等陆续获得股指期货交易资格。自2011年首张牌照发放以来，近30家信托公司获得此业务资质。　　不过同样值得关注的是，资产管理信托的“含金量”仍有待检验。有行业人士直言，目前信托公司标品自主管理能力主要集中在费率较低的现金管理类和固收类产品，核心能力尚未形成。　　资产服务信托是三分类改革“回归本源”最直观的载体，也是三年间创新密度最高的赛道。

J | 　　信托业协会最新披露的各类资产服务信托规模数据显示，截至2025年6月末，财富管理服务信托规模为4.37万亿元，行政管理服务信托规模为2.80万亿元，风险处置服务信托规模为2.60万亿元，资产证券化服务信托规模为1.43万亿元。　　在更微观的视角中，财富管理服务信托里，家族信托稳坐核心赛道。据第三方机构新家办研究的数据，截至2025年三季度末，我国家族信托存续规模已突破9500亿元，较2024年末的6435.79亿元增长显著。其中头部公司占据绝大部分市场份额，平安信托、建信信托、中信信托等公司的存续规模陆续破千亿元。　　资产服务信托扩张的另一面，是普惠化、创新化品类的集中涌现。

K | 　　作为三分类新规最具“普惠精神”的创新，设立门槛100万元的家庭服务信托让更多家庭能够享受信托制度的风险隔离与定向传承功能；2025年6月，上海信托落地全国首单以不动产为主要信托财产的家庭服务信托，房产“装进”信托，使养老保障与定向传承成为现实；特殊需要信托的门槛已可降至30万元甚至5万元，使得更多信托产品有机会“进入寻常百姓家”。　　行政管理服务信托中，预付类资金服务信托则切入最直观的民生场景。

L | 据21世纪资管研究院不完全统计，全国已有一半以上的信托公司开展预付类资金服务信托业务，覆盖健身、教育、物业、社区服务、餐饮等多个场景。　　与此同时，不动产信托财产登记试点、股权财产登记试点的陆续推进，一定程度上为资产服务信托扫除了制度障碍。

M | 上海创新开展养老服务信托试点，也使得这类业务从过去的零星探索、个案试水，逐步迈入制度化、规模化发展阶段。　　不过，资产服务信托更现实的问题仍然在于商业可持续性，当前行业普遍面临“投入巨大、回报周期长”的窘境。大众认知不足、配套制度有待完善、专业人才短缺等，同样是资产服务信托发展面临的阻碍。　　华东某信托从业人士直言，在盈利模式尚未清晰的情况下，已经有业务开始“内卷”，同质化竞争下费率一降再降。“以前做房地产城投业务的费率是百一、百二，现在做服务信托费率是千二、千六。”　　但也有行业人士表示，服务信托赚的是“细水长流”的钱，做大规模、跑通相对标准化的模式是可能的破局方式。　　公益慈善信托是三分类的第三大类别，也是信托制度社会价值最集中的出口。　　《2025年度中国慈善信托发展报告》显示，截至2025年末，我国慈善信托累计备案数量2757单，累计备案规模102.31亿元，突破“百亿大关”。2025年全年新增备案规模合计16.94亿元，其中508单新设备案规模9.26亿元，151单存续信托变更备案新增7.68亿元。　　值得关注的趋势是，慈善信托与家族信托、家庭服务信托、特殊需要信托的协同创新正在加快——委托人将慈善安排嵌入家族传承架构，使“家族财富传承+公益慈善”一站式实现，实现不同委托人全生命周期的慈善意愿。　　与此同时，跨越量变关口后，行业发展的重心已然发生迁移，慈善信托正从单纯的规模扩张，转向深层次的制度破冰，创新正在拓宽慈善信托的财产边界。　　随着不动产、股权登记试点的实质性推进，以及数据收益权、保单权益等创新财产类型的不断涌现，那些曾经制约行业发展的非现金资产“硬骨头”正被逐一啃下。这不仅标志着慈善财产边界的深度拓宽，更预示着一个全资产、多场景、系统化的中国特色慈善信托新生态正在加速成型。　　回望三年，三分类新规为信托行业打开了又一次转型窗口。但在业内人士看来，过渡期收官并非终点，而是行业“持久赛”的开始。

N | 　　从资产管理信托的投研内功，到资产服务信托的民生场景深耕，再到公益慈善信托的制度价值释放，三分类新规重塑的三大类业务，正在重新定义信托公司的能力边界。责任编辑：曹睿潼。

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